Human Elements In Administration Essay

People ar the around beta element in an organization whether its a business enterprise, a sh all toldow, an ground forces or hospital. educate administrator and supervisors must(prenominal)iness be prepargond to deal efficaciously with the people involved because they fill the most difficulty in deducting and transaction with the pitying elements of administration. The administrator must understand certain fundamental concepts of motivation. He must have an insight into the reputation of self- importance-confidence and influence. And most of all, he must have the ability to analyze trammeled problems and to transmit out his intentions favoredly. Technical skills, administrative skills and valet skills ar the three kinds of skills a successful administrator must possess. * Technical Skills pertains to methods, techniques and processes. * administrative Skills ability to see the organization as an entity and the interrelationship of its various portions * valet Skills refers to the ways of dealing effectively with people.3 Distinct elements*Skill in understanding the grassroots valet de chambre forces active in the organization.*Skill in analyzing complex human situations.*Skill in implementing a propose of action.It is said that man is a absentminded animal. As soon as champion of his require is satisfied, an some other appears in its place. homosexuals needs are nonionized in a series of levels or a hierarchy of importance check to the theory of Maslow.Psychological needs to be alive and to stay alive.Safety needs to earningsl safe from accidents or pain, from competitor or threat. of his behaviour. Ego needs adjoin to unmatchables self think up and ones reputation. Self termination needs for continued self development, for realizing ones own potentialities.Understanding basic needs of an someone is chief(prenominal) for the administrators and supervisors because exit of those needs has behavioural consequenc es on the part of ones individual. It is also important to understand because of the fact that an individual whose press down level needs are satisfied, he is not any longer motivated to satisfy his psychological and safety needs. Rather, he shifts towards the satisfaction of the other needs in the hierarchy. Unless there are opportunities at take a crap to satisfy these needs, the individual is deprived and his concur behaviour will reflect the deprivation.A New Theory of commission advise on the theory of new troubles task by McGregor harnessing human energy to organizational requirements are utter as follows1. Management is responsible for organizing the elements of ample enterprise money, stuff and nonsenses, equipment and people in the recreate of economic needs 2 A process of nowing peoples efforts, motivating, controlling their actions and modifying their behaviour to fit the needs of the organization 3. It is the office of the direction to recognize and devel op the individuals potential for development, his capametropolis for assume accountability, his readiness to direct behaviour toward organizational goals. 4. The essential task of trouble is to execute organizational conditions and methods of operation in rewrite to achieved desired goals and objectives.New theory of management relies on self control and self direction it treats people as a matured adults and it is management by objectives, Advantages1. it does not involve the relinquishing of leadinghip, the abdication of management or the lowering of standards 2 it is a process of creating opportunities, encouraging growth, releasing potential, removing obstacles and providing centering some applications of the new theory1. decentralisation and Delegation freeing people from in any case close control of conventional organization. 2. hire out Enlargement encourages the acceptance of responsibility at the bottom of the organization. 3. Participation and Consultative M anagement people are encouraged to direct their own creative energies towards organizational objectives and mature-looking them some voice in decisions. 4. execution Appraisal individuals are involved in in setting targets and objectives for himself and in a self evaluation of performance fishing gear annually or annually.Close surveillance tends to be associated with superior productivity, worldwide management with towering productivity. The importance of supervising subordinates as a company are as follows a.) discuss work problems with the group, b.) group performs come up withal when the supervisor is absent, c.) foster teamwork and group loyalty and d.) involves group participation in making decisions.THE ADMINISTRATOR OF SCHOOL strengthenerThe welfare of the declare depends largely upon the upbringing of its citizens. Filipino people recognized the importance of sending children to indoctrinate whenever and wherever possible. Our leaders and framers of Con stitution see to it that the Magna Carta contains a provison that the state should establish and maintain a put down and adequate system of information and pop the question at least free immemorial for all education of condition age.Since tutor population keeps on growing and the salaries of the teachers are keep on increase, more than and more money are needed. However, present monetary capability becomes inadequate and need to extend financial resources to keep up with increasing educational needs. In habitual, the sources for governance income for education are the following1. Taxes compel by police force for the sustainment of the government much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the real property tax, specific tax, and import and export taxes. 2. tutorship fees imposed on students in public soaring schools, vocational schools, regional general schools, and chartered colleges and universities. 3. Matriculation fees collected from public inessential school students , vocational schools, and chartered colleges and universities. in that respect were also a matriculation fee aerated in the negociate grades scarcely the fee was abolished by R. A. 4092 effective the school year 1964 1965. 4. Rental for lease of school sites and sales of schools products. 5. Land grants and donations. 6. Voluntary components. 7. exceptional fees such as miscellaneous fees aerated from college students for entrance, registration, library, athletics, and research testing ground, medical and dental clinics, school paper, diplomas, graduations and R.O.T.C. behave for Elementary EducationThe Educational dress of 1940 which studyized the support of all elementary schools in municipalities and municipal districts saved the situation for the scurvy communities. The Educational Act of 1940 forbids the collection of information fees in the middling grades although it permits the matriculation fees in an amount to be determined by the President not exceeding deuce pesos for each pupil enrolled in the intermediate grades in municipalities and municipal district.The proceeds from this matriculation fee accrue to the fund of the field of study regimen to purchase of library books and equipment and 40% for financing athletic activities in the intermediate grades. While the acquisition of school sites and formulation of temporary school buildings remain the responsibility of the local governments. The law abolished the deal out of municipalities and municipal districts in the internal tax collections, part taxes on the verdant products and income tax. keep going for popular Secondary schoolingsThe financial support for the victuals and operation of public second-string schools provided for by the peasant and city governments. Generally, the majority of provinces do not have adequate funds to support the schools properly. This deficiency in monetary resource gives occasional difficulty in the remuneration of secondary teachers salary.T he sources of peasant income are the following1. Internal revenue allotments from the national government.2. Share from local taxes.3. Fees from service rendered.4. Income from miscellaneous receipts.Support for secondary schools1. Tuition and matriculation fee levied by the bucolic Board on all gamy school students 2. Board uses parts of its general fund in case of shortfall or the Board passes a announcement increasing the rate of study 3. by the enactment of R. A. No. 3478, the home(a) Government has been granting annual national aid to general provincial and municipal utmost schools radical with the school year 1963 1964, primarily intend for salary adjustments of teachers and other secondary school personnel 4. Voluntary contributions and donations by individual(a) individuals and civic organizationsSupport of barrio experimental high school, the position of populace Schools in its history No. 86, issued on August 1, 1966, states as follows1. The reading fee to be superaerated should not be less than 80.00 a year. 2. 50% of the 10% real terra firma tax proceeds allotted to barrios in accordance with the revised Barrio Charter should be set aside and used just for the improvement of instruction in the barrio high schools. No amount accruing from this fund should be spent for salaries of teachers and other school personnel. 3. exclusively feeder barrios should share the expenses for the improvement of instruction, the share of each to be proportionate to the numerate of students from the feeder barrios attending barrio high school. 4. all in all resolutions of the barrio councils regarding the funding of barrio high schools should be canonical by the Municipal Council concerned.Support of populace Schools in Chartered Cities1. Tuition fees and city funds 2. National Government allots testicle sums as aid to cities for their educational needs. 3. National aid for salary adjustments of teachers and other secondary school personnel. The law was amended by R.A. No. 4128so as to include all city high schools except manila paper and Quezon City.Support of Vocational SchoolsVocational schools ordinarily come under two categories the provincial trade school and the provincial agricultural school. The source of income comesfrom the national contribution, tuition and other fees and income from school products. The so called rural high schools which are agricultural in nature are jointly supported by the provinces and municipalities and the National Government.Support of Normal Schoolsregional normal schools are also national like the vocational schools. There are still seven regional normal schools located in strategic places in the country serving the needs of the students in the surrounding places. Sources of income of these schools are national contribution and tuition fees. The city or municipality where they are located may also suspend funds for the normal training department.Support of Special SchoolsThe Phili ppine Nautical School located in Pasay is supported completely by the National Government which offers courses for usance as merchant marine officers. The School for the Deaf and contrivance under the Bureau of worldly concern Schools is supported by the government with occasionally aid from the Philippine beneficence Sweepstakes.Support of Chartered Government Colleges and UniversitiesThe support of chartered government institutions like University of the Philippines comes from the tuition and matriculation fees of students and comes from national funds appropriately annually by Congress. Special aid for the construction, repair and improvement of the buildings are devoted in special legislation or taken from the pork barrel fund. The proclivity of the request by these institutions is to increase all(prenominal) year. Thus, the burden of the National Treasury for the support of these schools keeps on increasing.Other Agencies in service the Financing of Public SchoolsA emergence of foreign agencies give some material aid to the schools aside from the National Government. Among these agencies are the following * AID NEC provided in 1966 appropriations for buildings including the constructions of dormitories and also for typewriters, mimeographing machines and professional books for the Bureau of Public Schools. * UNICEF gave aid in kind such as educational kits, globes, tape recorders, laboratory equipments and vehicles. * The American Foundation for Overseas Blind donated Braille type writers, paper headsets, and so forth * The Pilot Applied Nutrition image (Bayaribang) is a joint venture of the fall in Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), The Food and inelegant administration (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO).These entities gave help in the form of proficient services, training stipends, vehicles for supervision and various types of supplies and equipments for kitchen, laboratory and agricultural uses. * The Agency for Internati onal breeding (AID), National Economic Council (NEC), and the Bureau of Public Schools (BPS) jointly undertook a textbook deed project which started on July 1, 1960 and terminated on June 30, 1965 to help solve the problem of inadequacy of textbooks. The project was expected to print and reel around 25 million of copies of textbooks within a 5-year period at an estimated cost about 59.5 million.Support for Private Schools whole private schools, colleges and universities derive their income mostly from tuition fees and miscellaneous fees from students. There is no law prescribing the maximum rate of tuition fees so there is no uniformity and limit in the tuition fees being charged by private schools. Quality schools with good standards among the ghostlike institutions charge relatively higher(prenominal) rates than the ordinary schools. Some of the religious schools are partly supported from their properties. Some non-sectarian schools operating specially for profit charged c omparatively lower tuition fees and even permit their students to pay on faint instalments to attract as many students as possible.